Use a soil test kit to determine the soil's pH and nutrient levels. Most flowers prefer slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0).
Clear the area of stones, weeds, and other debris to make room for your plants.
If the soil is clayey, add compost or sand to improve drainage. If it's sandy, add compost or peat moss to increase water retention.
Based on the soil test, add necessary organic fertilizers or soil amendments to balance nutrients.
Turn the soil to a depth of about 12-15 inches. This helps to mix in the organic matter and loosens compacted soil.
Use a rake to level the soil surface, ensuring there are no large clumps or dips.
Allow the soil to rest for a few days before planting. This lets the added materials integrate fully with the soil.